Florida health officials have issued a stark warning following a surge in cases of Vibrio vulnificus, a rare but deadly bacterium often referred to as "flesh-eating."
As of mid-July 2025, eleven people have been infected across the state, with four fatalities reported in Bay, Broward, Hillsborough, and St. Johns counties.
This bacterium thrives in warm, brackish waters—where freshwater meets seawater—and can enter the body through open wounds or by consuming raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters.
Once inside, it can cause necrotizing fasciitis, a fast-moving infection that destroys skin and soft tissue. In severe cases, the infection may require limb amputation to prevent further spread, and it can be fatal within days.
The Florida Department of Health has emphasized that individuals with compromised immune systems, liver disease, or recent wounds are at heightened risk. Symptoms of infection include fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, skin lesions, and intense pain around the affected area.
In some cases, the bacteria can enter the bloodstream, leading to sepsis and death.
Although the number of cases in 2025 is lower than last year’s record of 82 infections and 19 deaths—largely attributed to flooding from hurricanes Helene and Milton—the threat remains serious. Experts warn that rising sea temperatures and increased coastal activity during summer months could contribute to further outbreaks.
To reduce the risk of infection, health officials recommend:
- Avoiding exposure of open wounds to warm salt or brackish water.
- Thoroughly cooking shellfish before consumption.
- Wearing protective footwear and gloves when handling raw seafood.
- Seeking immediate medical attention if symptoms develop after water exposure or seafood consumption.
Despite its rarity, Vibrio vulnificus is responsible for approximately 100 deaths annually in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that about one in five people infected with the bacterium die, sometimes within 24 to 48 hours of symptom onset.
As Florida continues to grapple with the effects of climate change and increased coastal flooding, public health officials urge residents and visitors to remain vigilant.
The combination of warm waters and summer recreation creates a perfect storm for this silent killer to strike.