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In a significant shift in defense policy, Finland has declared its intention to withdraw from the Ottawa Convention, an international treaty banning the use of anti-personnel landmines. Prime Minister Petteri Orpo emphasized that the decision was driven by evolving security concerns and the need to bolster national defense capabilities in response to regional threats.
The announcement comes as Finland, a NATO member sharing the alliance's longest border with Russia, reassesses its defense strategies amid heightened geopolitical tensions. Orpo stated that withdrawing from the treaty would allow Finland to adapt more effectively to changes in the security environment, ensuring the nation's preparedness for potential challenges. He also highlighted the importance of safeguarding Finland's independence and territorial integrity.
The move aligns with similar decisions by other NATO countries on the eastern flank, including Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, which have also signaled intentions to exit the treaty. These nations have cited increased security threats from Russia as a key factor in their decisions.
Finland's withdrawal from the Ottawa Convention will enable the reintroduction of anti-personnel landmines into its defense doctrine. A report by the Ministry of Defence noted that such mines are well-suited for Finland's national defense, offering a cost-effective means to slow the advance of attackers and minimize casualties among defenders. The report also highlighted the technical simplicity and ease of use of landmines within Finland's conscription system.
In addition to this policy shift, Finland plans to increase its defense spending to 3% of GDP by 2029, reflecting a broader commitment to strengthening military capabilities. The government has outlined a detailed plan to allocate resources for upgrading equipment and enhancing border security.
While the decision has sparked debate, with critics raising concerns about the humanitarian implications of landmine use, Finnish leaders have stressed their commitment to responsible deployment and adherence to international agreements. Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen acknowledged the challenges posed by the decision but emphasized the necessity of prioritizing national security in the face of evolving threats.
As Finland prepares to finalize its withdrawal from the Ottawa Convention, the move underscores the nation's determination to adapt to a changing security landscape and protect its sovereignty in an increasingly uncertain world.